Schema: >A Schema is a structured cluster of concepts, it can be used to represent objects, scenarios or sequences of events or relations. The original idea was proposed by philosopher Immanuel Kant as innate structures used to help us perceive the world.
One valuable way to think of schema is as our personal pattern language of meaning. It is how we make sense of our personal experiences to shape our current understand of the world.
>A schema (pl. schemata) is the mental framework that is created as children interact with their physical and social environments
What Jean Piaget 
came to understand is that there are two types of learning, one that which deepens our understanding of our current schema and one that actually changes the structure of our schema. A Dialectical Synthesis
*Piaget's concepts of learning profoundly influenced how both Seymour Papert and Alan Kay viewed the potential of the computer as a tool for learning and Computer Enhanced Creativity.*
Eureka Moments are inspired, joyful moments that giving us a new understanding of the world. They change the structure of our schema - a restructuring of our personal pattern language.
These moments, in their reshaping our our schemata, are an important part of Agile Learning.
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Is our current schema what most people refer to as "common sense?" I think that when someone refers to "common sense" what they really mean is, what makes sense to them. Some people struggle with concepts that don't make sense to them, for example gender identification. The idea that someone identifies with a gender other than their biological gender does not make sense, it doesn't fit their schema or world view, and therefore they tend to at best be uncomfortable with it or at worst reject it.